๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต Japanese grammar

Commands and the Imperative in Japanese: A Clear Guide

The SPAIKING TeamJuly 28, 2026

In Japanese, commands can be expressed using the imperative form. There are different forms for informal and formal situations. Understanding these forms is essential for effective communication.

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The rule

To give a command in Japanese, you typically use the verb's imperative form. For informal commands, you can use the verb stem plus 'ใ‚' or 'ใ‚ˆ' for certain verbs. For formal commands, you use the 'ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„' form, which is more polite. Negative commands are formed by using the verb in the negative form followed by 'ใชใ•ใ„' or 'ใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“'.

Commands and the Imperative at a glance

FormalityImperative
InformalใŸในใ‚
FormalใŸในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
Negative InformalใŸในใ‚‹ใช
Negative FormalใŸในใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“

Imperative forms of the verb 'ใŸในใ‚‹' (to eat)

Examples you can say out loud

ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚ใ€‚ kore o tabero.
Eat this.
ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ shukudai o yatte kudasai.
Please do your homework.
ใใ“ใซ่กŒใใชใ€‚ soko ni ikuna.
Don't go there.
้™ใ‹ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ shizuka ni shite kudasai.
Please be quiet.
ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใชใ„ใงใ€‚ sore o minaide.
Don't look at that.
Common mistake
Using the informal command form in a formal situation.
Tip
Always consider the context when choosing between informal and formal commands.

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Frequently asked questions

How do I know when to use informal or formal commands?

Use informal commands with friends or people of the same age, and formal commands in polite situations or with superiors.