🇨🇳 Chinese grammar

The Past Tense in Chinese: A Clear Guide

The SPAIKING TeamJuly 28, 2026

In Chinese, the past tense is often indicated by the particle '了' (le). This particle is used to show that an action has been completed. Understanding how to use '了' is essential for expressing past actions.

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The rule

'了' is placed after the verb to indicate that the action has already occurred. It is important to note that '了' can also indicate a change of state. For example, '我吃了' (wǒ chī le) means 'I have eaten.' Remember that '了' is not used for actions that are still ongoing or habitual.

The Past Tense at a glance

SubjectPast Tense Sentence
我吃了 (wǒ chī le)
你吃了 (nǐ chī le)
他吃了 (tā chī le)
我们我们吃了 (wǒmen chī le)
你们你们吃了 (nǐmen chī le)
他们他们吃了 (tāmen chī le)

Conjugation of the verb '吃' (chī - to eat) in the past tense

Examples you can say out loud

我昨天去了商店。 wǒ zuótiān qùle shāngdiàn.
I went to the store yesterday.
她上个月看了电影。 tā shàng gè yuè kànle diànyǐng.
She watched a movie last month.
我们吃了晚饭。 wǒmen chīle wǎnfàn.
We had dinner.
他们已经完成了作业。 tāmen yǐjīng wánchéngle zuòyè.
They have already finished the homework.
你喝了水吗? nǐ hēle shuǐ ma?
Did you drink water?
Common mistake
Using '了' with ongoing actions, such as '我在吃了' (I am eating). Instead, use '我在吃' (I am eating).
Tip
Practice using '了' with different verbs to become comfortable with its placement.

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Frequently asked questions

When should I use '了'?

'了' should be used when you want to indicate that an action has been completed in the past.